1). Logic is the use and study of valid 2). . The study of logic features most prominently in the subjects of philosophy, 3). , and computer science. Logic was studied in several ancient 4). , including India, China, Persia and Greece. In the West, logic was established as a formal 5). by Aristotle, who gave it a fundamental place in philosophy. The study of logic was part of the classical trivium (三学科 ), which also included 6). and rhetoric. Logic was further 7). by Al-Farabi(阿尔法拉比 )who categorized it into two separate groups (idea and 8). ). Later, Avicenna(阿维森纳 ) revived the study of logic and developed relationship between temporalis and the 9). (时间与意义 ). In the East, logic was developed by Hindus, Buddhists and Jains ( 耆那教徒 ). Logic is often divided into three parts: 10). reasoning(归纳推理 ), abductive reasoning( 反绎推理 ), and deductive reasoning( 演绎推理 ).