A circle of close friends and strong family ties can increase a person’s health more than exercise, losing weight or quitting cigarettes and alcohol, psychologists say. Sociable (好交际的) people seem to reap extra rewards from their relationships by feeling less stressed, taking better care of themselves and having less risky lifestyles than those who are more isolated.
A review of studies into the impact of relationships on health found that people had a 50% better survival rate if they belonged to a wider social group, be it friends, neighbors, relatives or a mix of these. The striking impact of social connections on welfare has led researchers to call on GPs (社区全科医生) and health officials to take loneliness as seriously as other health risks, such as alcoholism (酗酒) and smoking.
"We take relationships for granted as humans," said Julianne Holt-Lunstad, a psychologist at Brigham Young University in Utah. "That constant interaction is not only beneficial psychologically but directly to our physical health." Holt-Lunstad’s team reviewed 148 studies that tracked the social interactions and health of 308 849 people over an average of 7.5 years. From these they worked out how death rates varied depending on how sociable a person was. Being lonely and isolated was as bad for a person’s health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day or being an alcoholic. It was as harmful as not exercising and twice as bad for the health as being fat. The study is reported in the journal Plos Medicine.
Holt-Lunstad said friends and family can improve health in numerous ways, from help in tough times to finding meaning in life. "When someone is connected to a group and feels responsibility to other people, that sense of purpose and meaning translates to taking better care of themselves and taking fewer risks."
Holt-Lunstad said there was no clear figure on how many relationships are enough to boost a person’s health, but people fared better when they rarely felt lonely and were close to a group of friends, had good family contact and had someone they could rely on and trust.
According to Holt-Lunstad, how many friends can help to improve our health