Poverty exists because American society is an unequal one, and there are overwhelming political pressures to keep it that way. Any (36) to redistribute wealth and income in the United States will (37) be opposed by powerful middle-and upper-class interests. People can be relatively rich only if others are relatively poor, and since power is (38) in the hands of the rich, public policies will continue to reflect their interests rather than those of the poor.
As Herbert Gans (1973) has pointed out, poverty is actually (39) from the point of view of the nonpoor. Poverty (40) that "dirty" work gets done. If there are no poor people to scrub floors and empty bedpans(便盆), these jobs would have to be (41) with high incomes before anyone would touch them. Poverty creates jobs for many of the nonpoor, such as police officers, welfare workers, pawnbrokers (典当商), and government bureaucrats. Poverty makes life easier for the rich by providing them with cooks, gardeners, and other workers to perform basic chores while their employers enjoy more pleasurable activities. Poverty provides a market for (42) goods and services, such as two-day-old bread, run-down automobiles, or the advice of (43) physicians and lawyers. There is no (44) , conscious "conspiracy (阴谋)" of the wealthy to keep the poor in poverty. It is just that poverty is an inevitable (45) of the American economic system, which the poor are politically powerless to influence or change.
A．deliberate I．criticism
B．ensures J．rewarded
C．invaluable K．outcome
D．inevitably L’) dubiously
E．endowed M．functional
F．inferior N．concentrated
G．justifies O．incompetent
H．attempt