Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section．Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D．You should decide on the best choice.
Tourism is an economic term, which gives it an air of objectivity, as if the luring of visitors were just another business, like auto manufacturing or banking．While any major industry affects the environment and culture of a nation, tourism is unique in its ability to change the people and their beliefs about the world.
Anyone who travels for pleasure is a tourist, from the tired middle-aged manager with his American family, taking their week in the sun before returning to the station wagons and fax machines of the real world, to the extravagant European tourists, to weathered, wandering Australians who haven't been home for two years because they don't have money for the ticket.
Most Americans experience tourism as consumers in search of culture, good weather, beautiful buildings, or any of the other things that people travel in search of．During my year as a student living in Jamaica and traveling around the Caribbean, I have seen tourism through the eyes of the people who live with it, and witnessed the corrupting effects of tourism on the cultures that depend on it for economic survival.
When I tell people that I was living in Jamaica on scholarship, they roll their eyes and marvel at my luck, because they have seen the ads for Jamaican tourism, showing empty beaches, clear blue skies, and the occasional smiling black faces．I don't know how to respond, because the Jamaica that I lived in, and that only some tourists are privileged to see, is a poor, crowded, violent place where most people, from police officers to ganja peddlers (贩卖的小贩), resent tourists for their leisure and their money— money that goes almost exclusively to a small elite of hotel owners and government officials．It might be different if the tourists weren't so obvious in their appearance．Many things—dress, language, looks— can distinguish tourists from the native population．In Jamaica, it is the skin color that sets the tourists apart, as 95 percent of Jamaicans are black (of African or mixed blood), and most tourists are white.
Because it is impossible for white visitors to move unnoticed among the people, Jamaican tourism has moved into carefully planned ghettos (分离区) of wealth．The fastest-growing sector of the tourist economy is the 'all-inclusives'—hotels, generally built around a theme (family fun, swinging singles, fitness, old people), that offer one price that includes meals, drinks, tips, and transportation from the airport．Visitors to these clubs are insulated from the noise and heat of the Jamaican street, and the possibility of violence or swindle (诈骗).
In these clubs, all of the Jamaicans are 'help'—well-mannered and quiet, forbidden to receive tips．Even the phone system is different．Outside, in Jamaica, the phone company forbids the use of international phone cards to protect its long-distance monopoly．But in the resort, Americans can call home as if they were in Florida．Formal colonialism has almost disappeared from the Earth, but resorts feel like the newest form—the micro-colony where American money is the constitution and idleness the national purpose.
According to the first paragraph tourism is unique in its ______.

Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Tourism is an economic term, which gives it an air of objectivity, as if the luring of visitors were just another business, like auto manufacturing or banking. While any major industry affects the environment and culture of a nation, tourism is unique in its ability to change the people and their beliefs about the world.
Anyone who travels for pleasure is a tourist, from the tired middle-aged manager with his American family, taking their week in the sun before returning to the station wagons and fax machines of the real world, to the extravagant European tourists, to weathered, wandering Australians who haven't been home for two years because they don't have money for the ticket.
Most Americans experience tourism as consumers in search of culture, good weather, beautiful buildings, or any of the other things that people travel in search of. During my year as a student living in Jamaica and traveling around the Caribbean, I have seen tourism through the eyes of the people who live with it, and witnessed the corrupting effects of tourism on the cultures that depend on it for economic survival.
When I tell people that I was living in Jamaica on scholarship, they roll their eyes and marvel at my luck, because they have seen the ads for Jamaican tourism, showing empty beaches, clear blue skies, and the occasional smiling black faces. I don't know how to respond, because the Jamaica that I lived in, and that only some tourists are privileged to see, is a poor, crowded, violent place where most people, from police officers to ganja peddlers (贩卖的小贩), resent tourists for their leisure and their money— money that goes almost exclusively to a small elite of hotel owners and government officials. It might be different if the tourists weren't so obvious in their appearance. Many things—dress, language, looks— can distinguish tourists from the native population. In Jamaica, it is the skin color that sets the tourists apart, as 95 percent of Jamaicans are black (of African or mixed blood), and most tourists are white.
Because it is impossible for white visitors to move unnoticed among the people, Jamaican tourism has moved into carefully planned ghettos (分离区) of wealth. The fastest-growing sector of the tourist economy is the 'all-inclusives'—hotels, generally built around a theme (family fun, swinging singles, fitness, old people), that offer one price that includes meals, drinks, tips, and transportation from the airport. Visitors to these clubs are insulated from the noise and heat of the Jamaican street, and the possibility of violence or swindle (诈骗).
In these clubs, all of the Jamaicans are 'help'—well-mannered and quiet, forbidden to receive tips. Even the phone system is different. Outside, in Jamaica, the phone company forbids the use of international phone cards to protect its long-distance monopoly. But in the resort, Americans can call home as if they were in Florida. Formal colonialism has almost disappeared from the Earth, but resorts feel like the newest form—the micro-colony where American money is the constitution and idleness the national purpose.
According to the first paragraph tourism is unique in its ______.