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Current gym dogma holds that to build muscle size you need to lift heavy weights. (1) , a new study (2) at McMaster University has shown that a similar degree of muscle building can be achieved by using lighter weights. The secret is to pump air (3) you reach muscle fatigue.

The (4) are published in PLoS ONE.

" (5) grunting and straining to lift heavy weights, you can (6) something much lighter but you have to lift it until you can’t lift it (7) ," says Stuart Phillips, associate professor of kinesiology at McMaster University. "We’re convinced that (8) muscle means (9) your muscle to make new muscle proteins, a process in the body that over time (10) into bigger muscles. "

Phillips praised lead author and senior Ph.D. student Nicholas Burd for masterminding the project that showed it’s really not the weight that you lift but the fact that you get muscular fatigue that’s the (11) point in building muscle. The study used light weights that (12) a percentage of what the (13) could lift. The heavier weights were set (14) 90% of a person’s best lift and the light weights at a mere 30%o of what people could lift. "It’s a very light weight," says Phillips noting that the 80% 90% (15) is usually something people can lift from 5～10 times before fatigue sets in. At 30%, Burd reported that subjects could lift that weight at least 24 times (16) they felt fatigue.

"We’re (17) to see where this new paradigm will lead," says Phillips, adding that these new data have (18) significance for gym enthusiasts but more importantly for people with compromised skeletal muscle mass, (19) the elderly, patients with cancer, or those who are (20) from trauma, surgery or even stroke.

Men are generally better than women on tests of spatial ability, such as mentally rotating an object through three dimensions or finding their way around in a new environment. But a new study suggests that under some circumstances a woman’s way of navigating is probably more efficient.

Luis Pacheco-Cobos of the National Autonomous University of Mexico and his colleagues discovered this by following mushroom gatherers from a village in the state of Tlaxcala for two rainy seasons. Two researchers, each fitted with GPS navigation devices and heart-rate monitors, followed different gatherers on different days. They recorded the weight of the mushrooms each gatherer collected and where they visited. The GPS data allowed a map to be made of the routes taken and the heart-rate measurements provided an estimate of the amount of energy expended during their travels.

The results, to be published in Evolution and Human Behavior, show that the men and women collected on average about the same weight of mushrooms. But the men travelled farther, climbed higher and used a lot more energy—70% more titan the women. The men did not move any faster, but they searched for spots with lots of mushrooms. The women made many more stops, apparently satisfied with, or perhaps belier at finding, patches of fewer mushrooms.

Previous work has shown that men tend to navigate by creating mental maps of a territory and then imagining their position on the maps. Women are more likely to remember their mutes using landmarks. The study lends support to the idea that male and female navigational skills were honed differently by evolution for different tasks. Modern-day hunter-gatherers divide labor, so that men tend to do more hunting and women more gathering. It seems likely that early humans did much the same thing.

The theory is that the male strategy is the most useful for hunting prey; chasing an antelope, say, would mean running a long way over a winding mute. But having killed his prey, the hunter would want to make a beeline for home rather than retrace his steps exactly. Women, by contrast, would be better off remembering landmarks and retracing the paths to the most productive patches of plants.

The research suggests that in certain circumstances women are better at navigating than men, which might lend some comfort to a man desperately searching for an item in a supermarket while his exasperated wife methodically moves around the aisles filling the shopping trolley. He is simply not cut out for the job, evolutionarily speaking.

CNNIC于2008年7月发布的《第22次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》显示，我国网民数达2.53亿，超美国居世界首位。尽管如此，我国互联网普及率只有19.1%，仍然低于21.1%的全球平均水平。与上年同期相比，我国网民人数增加了9100万，是历年来增长最快的一年，同比增长56.2%。仅2008年上半年，我国网民数净增量就达4300万。统计表明，我国网站数量持续增长，截至2008年7月共有网站191.9万个，同比增长率为46.39%；其中CN域名下的网站数为136.9万个。

可以撤销其注册商标

不可以撤销其注册商标

可以责令其停止经营

可以对其予以警告

正确

错误

Current gym dogma holds that to build muscle size you need to lift heavy weights. (1) , a new study (2) at McMaster University has shown that a similar degree of muscle building can be achieved by using lighter weights. The secret is to pump air (3) you reach muscle fatigue.

The (4) are published in PLoS ONE.

" (5) grunting and straining to lift heavy weights, you can (6) something much lighter but you have to lift it until you can’t lift it (7) ," says Stuart Phillips, associate professor of kinesiology at McMaster University. "We’re convinced that (8) muscle means (9) your muscle to make new muscle proteins, a process in the body that over time (10) into bigger muscles. "

Phillips praised lead author and senior Ph.D. student Nicholas Burd for masterminding the project that showed it’s really not the weight that you lift but the fact that you get muscular fatigue that’s the (11) point in building muscle. The study used light weights that (12) a percentage of what the (13) could lift. The heavier weights were set (14) 90% of a person’s best lift and the light weights at a mere 30%o of what people could lift. "It’s a very light weight," says Phillips noting that the 80% 90% (15) is usually something people can lift from 5～10 times before fatigue sets in. At 30%, Burd reported that subjects could lift that weight at least 24 times (16) they felt fatigue.

"We’re (17) to see where this new paradigm will lead," says Phillips, adding that these new data have (18) significance for gym enthusiasts but more importantly for people with compromised skeletal muscle mass, (19) the elderly, patients with cancer, or those who are (20) from trauma, surgery or even stroke.

Current gym dogma holds that to build muscle size you need to lift heavy weights. (1) , a new study (2) at McMaster University has shown that a similar degree of muscle building can be achieved by using lighter weights. The secret is to pump air (3) you reach muscle fatigue.

The (4) are published in PLoS ONE.

" (5) grunting and straining to lift heavy weights, you can (6) something much lighter but you have to lift it until you can’t lift it (7) ," says Stuart Phillips, associate professor of kinesiology at McMaster University. "We’re convinced that (8) muscle means (9) your muscle to make new muscle proteins, a process in the body that over time (10) into bigger muscles. "

Phillips praised lead author and senior Ph.D. student Nicholas Burd for masterminding the project that showed it’s really not the weight that you lift but the fact that you get muscular fatigue that’s the (11) point in building muscle. The study used light weights that (12) a percentage of what the (13) could lift. The heavier weights were set (14) 90% of a person’s best lift and the light weights at a mere 30%o of what people could lift. "It’s a very light weight," says Phillips noting that the 80% 90% (15) is usually something people can lift from 5～10 times before fatigue sets in. At 30%, Burd reported that subjects could lift that weight at least 24 times (16) they felt fatigue.

"We’re (17) to see where this new paradigm will lead," says Phillips, adding that these new data have (18) significance for gym enthusiasts but more importantly for people with compromised skeletal muscle mass, (19) the elderly, patients with cancer, or those who are (20) from trauma, surgery or even stroke.

Men are generally better than women on tests of spatial ability, such as mentally rotating an object through three dimensions or finding their way around in a new environment. But a new study suggests that under some circumstances a woman’s way of navigating is probably more efficient.

Luis Pacheco-Cobos of the National Autonomous University of Mexico and his colleagues discovered this by following mushroom gatherers from a village in the state of Tlaxcala for two rainy seasons. Two researchers, each fitted with GPS navigation devices and heart-rate monitors, followed different gatherers on different days. They recorded the weight of the mushrooms each gatherer collected and where they visited. The GPS data allowed a map to be made of the routes taken and the heart-rate measurements provided an estimate of the amount of energy expended during their travels.

The results, to be published in Evolution and Human Behavior, show that the men and women collected on average about the same weight of mushrooms. But the men travelled farther, climbed higher and used a lot more energy—70% more titan the women. The men did not move any faster, but they searched for spots with lots of mushrooms. The women made many more stops, apparently satisfied with, or perhaps belier at finding, patches of fewer mushrooms.

Previous work has shown that men tend to navigate by creating mental maps of a territory and then imagining their position on the maps. Women are more likely to remember their mutes using landmarks. The study lends support to the idea that male and female navigational skills were honed differently by evolution for different tasks. Modern-day hunter-gatherers divide labor, so that men tend to do more hunting and women more gathering. It seems likely that early humans did much the same thing.

The theory is that the male strategy is the most useful for hunting prey; chasing an antelope, say, would mean running a long way over a winding mute. But having killed his prey, the hunter would want to make a beeline for home rather than retrace his steps exactly. Women, by contrast, would be better off remembering landmarks and retracing the paths to the most productive patches of plants.

The research suggests that in certain circumstances women are better at navigating than men, which might lend some comfort to a man desperately searching for an item in a supermarket while his exasperated wife methodically moves around the aisles filling the shopping trolley. He is simply not cut out for the job, evolutionarily speaking.

CNNIC于2008年7月发布的《第22次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》显示，我国网民数达2.53亿，超美国居世界首位。尽管如此，我国互联网普及率只有19.1%，仍然低于21.1%的全球平均水平。与上年同期相比，我国网民人数增加了9100万，是历年来增长最快的一年，同比增长56.2%。仅2008年上半年，我国网民数净增量就达4300万。统计表明，我国网站数量持续增长，截至2008年7月共有网站191.9万个，同比增长率为46.39%；其中CN域名下的网站数为136.9万个。

可以撤销其注册商标

不可以撤销其注册商标

可以责令其停止经营

可以对其予以警告

正确

错误

Current gym dogma holds that to build muscle size you need to lift heavy weights. (1) , a new study (2) at McMaster University has shown that a similar degree of muscle building can be achieved by using lighter weights. The secret is to pump air (3) you reach muscle fatigue.

The (4) are published in PLoS ONE.

" (5) grunting and straining to lift heavy weights, you can (6) something much lighter but you have to lift it until you can’t lift it (7) ," says Stuart Phillips, associate professor of kinesiology at McMaster University. "We’re convinced that (8) muscle means (9) your muscle to make new muscle proteins, a process in the body that over time (10) into bigger muscles. "

Phillips praised lead author and senior Ph.D. student Nicholas Burd for masterminding the project that showed it’s really not the weight that you lift but the fact that you get muscular fatigue that’s the (11) point in building muscle. The study used light weights that (12) a percentage of what the (13) could lift. The heavier weights were set (14) 90% of a person’s best lift and the light weights at a mere 30%o of what people could lift. "It’s a very light weight," says Phillips noting that the 80% 90% (15) is usually something people can lift from 5～10 times before fatigue sets in. At 30%, Burd reported that subjects could lift that weight at least 24 times (16) they felt fatigue.

"We’re (17) to see where this new paradigm will lead," says Phillips, adding that these new data have (18) significance for gym enthusiasts but more importantly for people with compromised skeletal muscle mass, (19) the elderly, patients with cancer, or those who are (20) from trauma, surgery or even stroke.