Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.
For questions 1～7, mark
Y (for YES ) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N (for NO ) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions 8～10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Hurricane (飓风)
Hurricane is a name given to violent storms that originate over the tropical (热带的) or subtropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, or North Pacific Ocean east of the International Date Line．Such storms over the North Pacific west of the International Date Line are called typhoons (台风); those elsewhere are known as tropical cyclones (热带气旋), which is the general name for all such storms including hurricanes and typhoons．These storms can cause great damage to property and loss of human life due to high winds, flooding, and large waves crashing against shorelines．The deadliest natural disaster in the United States history was caused by a hurricane that struck the coast of Texas in 1990．The costliest natural disaster in U.S．history stemmed from Hurricane Katrina in 2005.
How hurricanes form
Oceans can become warm enough in the summer for hurricanes to develop, and the oceans also retain summer heat through the fall．As a result, the hurricane season in the Atlantic Basin, which comprises the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and the Gulf of Mexico, runs from June 1 through November 30．At least 25 out-of-season storms, however, have occurred from 1887 through 2003, and 9 of these strengthened into hurricanes for at least a few hours.
Hurricanes weaken and die out when cut off from warm, humid air as they move over cooler water or land but can remain erous as they weaken．Hurricanes and other tropical cyclones begin as disorganized clusters of showers and thunderstorms．When one of these clusters becomes organized with its winds a complete circle around a center, it is called a tropical depression (热带低气压)
When a depression's sustained winds reach 63 km/h or more, it becomes a tropical storm and is given a name．By definition, a tropical storm becomes a hurricane when winds reach 119 km/h or more.
For a tropical depression to grow into a hurricane, winds from just above the suce of the ocean to more than 12,000 m in altitude must be blowing from roughly the same direction and at the same speed．Winds that blow in opposite directions create wind shear--different wind speeds or direction at upper and lower altitudes (海拔)--that can pr a storm from growing.
Characteristics of hurricanes
A hurricane consists of bands of thunderstorms that spiral (盘旋) toward the low-pressure center, or 'eye' of the storm．Winds also spiral in toward the center, speeding up as they approach the eye．Large thunderstorms create an 'eye wall' around the center where winds are the strongest．Winds in the eye itself are nearly calm, and the sky is often clear．Air pressures in the eye at the suce range from around 982 hectopascals (百帕) in a weak hurricane to lower than 914 hectopascals in the strongest storms.
In a large, strong storm, hurricane-force winds may be felt over an area with a diameter of more than 100 km．The diameter of the area effected by gale winds and torrential rain can extend another 200 km or more outward from the eye of the storm．The diameter of the eye may be less than 16 km in a strong hurrica