第二章 细菌学总论

DNA结构

革兰染色特征

细菌形态

鞭毛、芽胞和荚膜

代谢产物

6岁

7～8岁

12岁

18岁以后

20～30岁

people hate the inconvenience of working on night shifts.

your life is disturbed by changing from day to night routines and back.

not all industries work at the same hours.

it is difficult to find a corps of good night workers.

When 33-year-old Pete Barth was in college, shopping at second-hand clothing stores was just something he did—"like changing the tires on his car." He looked at his budget and decided he could save a lot of money by shopping for clothes at thrift shops.

"Even new clothes are fairly disposable(用后即丢掉的) and wear out after a couple of years," Barth said. "In thrift shops, you can find some great stuff whose quality is better than new clothes."

Since then, Barth, who works at a Goodwill thrift shop in the US state of Florida, has found that there are all kinds of reasons for shopping for second-hand clothing. Some people, like him, shop to save money. Some shop for a crazy-looking shirt. And some shop as a means of conserving energy and helping the environment.

Pat Akins, an accountant at a Florida Salvation Army(SA)(救世军)thrift shop, said that, for her, shopping at thrift shops is a way to help the environment.

"When my daughter was little, we looked at it as recycling," Akins said. "Also, why pay 30 dollars for Et new coat when you can get another one for a lot less"

Akins said that the SA has shops all over the US—"some as big as department stores. "All of the clothes are donated(损赠) ,and when they have a surplus(盈余) ,they’ll have "stuff a bag" specials, where customers can fill a grocery sack with clothes for only 5 or 10 dollars.

Julia Slocum, 22, points out, however, that the huge amount of second-hand clothing in the US is the result of American wastefulness.

"I’d say that second-hand stores are the result of our wasteful, materialistic culture," said Slocum, who works for a pro-conservation organization, the Center for a New American Dream. "Thrift shops prevent that waste from going to landfills(垃圾填埋场) ;they give clothing a second life and provide cheaper clothing for those who can’t afford to buy new ones and generate(生成)income for charities. They also provide a way for the wealthy and middle classes to shed(摆脱)some of the guilt for their level of consumption."

专门还款准备金

借款人的存款账户资金

贷款担保

其他借款人的资金

Teaching poetry No poem should ever be discussed or "analyzed", until it has been read aloud by someone, teacher or student. Better still, perhaps, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of it. All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling "interpretation" of it, suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice, on records or on film, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting(背诵) it. I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than "analyzing" it, if there isn’t time for both. I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry. Poetry is " a criticism of life", and " a heightening(提升) of life". It is "an approach to the truth of feeling", and it " can save your life". It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature more central than it presently occupies. I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry. Those who don’t like it should not be forced to put that dislike on anyone else. But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few thing s about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.

节肢动物门

软体动物门

原生动物门

环节动物门

选择题

消毒灭菌时，以杀灭（　 ）为判断灭菌效果的指标

荚膜

芽胞

鞭毛

菌毛

纤毛

DNA结构

革兰染色特征

细菌形态

鞭毛、芽胞和荚膜

代谢产物

6岁

7～8岁

12岁

18岁以后

20～30岁

people hate the inconvenience of working on night shifts.

your life is disturbed by changing from day to night routines and back.

not all industries work at the same hours.

it is difficult to find a corps of good night workers.

When 33-year-old Pete Barth was in college, shopping at second-hand clothing stores was just something he did—"like changing the tires on his car." He looked at his budget and decided he could save a lot of money by shopping for clothes at thrift shops.

"Even new clothes are fairly disposable(用后即丢掉的) and wear out after a couple of years," Barth said. "In thrift shops, you can find some great stuff whose quality is better than new clothes."

Since then, Barth, who works at a Goodwill thrift shop in the US state of Florida, has found that there are all kinds of reasons for shopping for second-hand clothing. Some people, like him, shop to save money. Some shop for a crazy-looking shirt. And some shop as a means of conserving energy and helping the environment.

Pat Akins, an accountant at a Florida Salvation Army(SA)(救世军)thrift shop, said that, for her, shopping at thrift shops is a way to help the environment.

"When my daughter was little, we looked at it as recycling," Akins said. "Also, why pay 30 dollars for Et new coat when you can get another one for a lot less"

Akins said that the SA has shops all over the US—"some as big as department stores. "All of the clothes are donated(损赠) ,and when they have a surplus(盈余) ,they’ll have "stuff a bag" specials, where customers can fill a grocery sack with clothes for only 5 or 10 dollars.

Julia Slocum, 22, points out, however, that the huge amount of second-hand clothing in the US is the result of American wastefulness.

"I’d say that second-hand stores are the result of our wasteful, materialistic culture," said Slocum, who works for a pro-conservation organization, the Center for a New American Dream. "Thrift shops prevent that waste from going to landfills(垃圾填埋场) ;they give clothing a second life and provide cheaper clothing for those who can’t afford to buy new ones and generate(生成)income for charities. They also provide a way for the wealthy and middle classes to shed(摆脱)some of the guilt for their level of consumption."

专门还款准备金

借款人的存款账户资金

贷款担保

其他借款人的资金

Teaching poetry No poem should ever be discussed or "analyzed", until it has been read aloud by someone, teacher or student. Better still, perhaps, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of it. All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling "interpretation" of it, suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice, on records or on film, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting(背诵) it. I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than "analyzing" it, if there isn’t time for both. I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry. Poetry is " a criticism of life", and " a heightening(提升) of life". It is "an approach to the truth of feeling", and it " can save your life". It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature more central than it presently occupies. I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry. Those who don’t like it should not be forced to put that dislike on anyone else. But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few thing s about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.

节肢动物门

软体动物门

原生动物门

环节动物门

选择题

消毒灭菌时，以杀灭（　 ）为判断灭菌效果的指标

荚膜

芽胞

鞭毛

菌毛

纤毛