共用题干 第一篇Dog-racing and WageringMost of the dogs participating in organized competition are male or female greyhounds,although races between whippets and between salukis are also held.The racing greyhound,a slender,graceful animal weighing about 29kg(about 65lb),is in its prime at approximately the age of three; however,it actively competes between the ages of one and five.It can attain speeds of up to km/h (40mph).The price of a trained racing greyhound depends on its record in competition.During its racing life an outstanding greyhound may earn up to $200,000 in purses and breeding fees.Most dog-racing stadiums have specially designed facilities consisting of a grandstand,a running track, kennels, accommodations for pari-mutuel(赛马赌金计算器)betting, a judges' stand,and a system of floodlights to accommodate night racing. The racing area proper varies but is approximately 402m(1/4 mile)in length and averages 6m(20ft)in width.Its inside circumference is ringed by a metal rail along which the lure is propelled by electrical power. There are some 55 tracks currently active in the United States.Races in the United States are commonly held at the distances of 503m(5/16 mile),604m (3/8 mile),and 704m(7/16 mile).About 13 races are run during a given program,with 8 or 9 greyhounds competing in each race. The competing greyhounds are muzzled(戴上嘴套)to assist the judges in photo finishes and as a precaution against fighting. They are raced in brightly colored numbered jackets to facilitate identification by judges and spectators.As a prelude to each race,the mechanical lure is set in motion in full view of the greyhounds, which are confined in a starting box. When the lure is approximately 6m(20ft)beyond the starting box,the dogs are released in pursuit.As the race progresses,the speed of the lure is controlled so that it remains in advance of the pack.If any of the dogs interfere with the lure at any point short of the finish line,the race is automatically declared null and void.Wagering and the prospect of winning large purse amounts are the important elements in the appeal of the sport to both spectators and greyhounds owners.American stakes offer prizes up to $200,000.In the U.S.,greyhound racing is ranked sixth among spectator sports.Wagering is legal in the states of Alabama,Arizona,Arkansas,Colorado,Connecticut,Florida,Idaho,Iowa,Kansas, Massachusetts,Nevada,New Hampshire,Oregon,Rhode Island,South Dakota,Texas,Vermont, West Virginia and Wisconsin.In 1988,some 27 million spectators wagered in excess of $3 billion at U.S.dog-racing tracks. All of the following dogs participate dog-racing except for________.